Files in Java
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Java uses the concept of stream to
make I/O operation fast. The java.io package contains all the classes required
for input and output operations.
The java.io package contains
nearly every class you might ever need to perform input and output (I/O) in
Java. All these streams represent an input source and an output destination.
The stream in the java.io package supports many data such as primitives,
object, localized characters, etc.
We can perform file
handling in java by java IO API.
An I/O
Stream represents an input source or an output destination. A stream can
represent many different kinds of sources and destinations, including disk
files, devices, other programs, and memory arrays.
Streams support many different
kinds of data, including simple bytes, primitive data types, localized
characters, and objects. Some streams simply pass on data; others manipulate
and transform the data in useful ways.
No matter how they work
internally, all streams present the same simple model to programs that use
them: A stream is a sequence of data. A program uses an input
stream to read data from a source, one item at a time: Reading information
into a program.
A program uses an output
stream to write data to a destination, one item at time:
Writing information from a
program.
Stream
A stream is a sequence of
data. In Java a stream is composed of bytes. It's called a stream because it's
like a stream of water that continues to flow.
InPutStream − The
InputStream is used to read data from a source.
OutPutStream − The
OutputStream is used for writing data to a destination.
In java, 3 streams are created
for us automatically. All these streams are attached with console.
1) System.out: standard
output stream
2) System.in: standard
input stream
3) System.err: standard
error stream
Let's see the code to
print output and error message to the console.
Java encapsulates Stream
under java.io package. They are
Byte Stream: It provides
a convenient means for handling input and output of byte.
Character Stream: It
provides a convenient means for handling input and output of characters.
Character stream uses Unicode and therefore can be internationalized.
Java byte streams are used to
perform input and output of 8-bit bytes. Though there are many classes related
to byte streams but the most frequently used classes
are, FileInputStream and FileOutputStream.
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