Array in C Tccicomputercoaching.com

Array in C

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In programming Language there is variable used to store data. This variable is one type of memory location, where we store the data, but variable can store only one data at a time, So, if we want to store more than one data at a time, then we can use array.

Arrays a kind of data structure that can store a fixed-size sequential collection of elements of the same type. An array is used to store a collection of data, but it is often more useful to think of an array as a collection of variables of the same type.

To declare an array in C, a programmer specifies the type of the elements and the number of elements required by an array as follows −

typearrayName [ arraySize ];

This is called a single-dimensional array. The arraySize must be an integer constant greater than zero and type can be any valid C data type. For example, to declare a 10-element array called A of type float, use this statement −

Float A[3];

Here A is a variable array which is sufficient to hold up to 3float numbers.

How data store in Memory:

Array always stores data in memory position wise or as per index. Index start always from 0.

A[0]

A[1]

A[2]

Intstudent[5];

Here, we store int data type data in array named student. Data store for 5 student.

Initializing Arrays

We can assign values to the array, when declare array, It is called Initializing Arrays.

i.e. datatypearray[size]={ values….};

int student[5]={ 12,45,67,23,90};

int student[]={12,56,98};

We can keep blank also size of array in initialization, compiler can count its maximum size from initialization values.

Input Values for Array:

We have to use array in for loop because array has more than one values.

For (i=0; i<=n; i++)

{

            Scanf(“%d”, &student[i]);

}

Here, loop executes n times and input values n times, stores values into the given address.

Output Values for Array:

Same as input values as for output values;

For (i=0; i<=n; i++)

{

            printf(“%d”, student[i]);

}

Example of Array programme to enter data and display data.

#include <stdio.h>

int main () {

int n[ 10 ]; /* n is an array of 10 integers */

inti,j;

   /* initialize elements of array n to 0 */        

for ( i = 0; i< 10; i++ ) {

n[ i ] = i + 100; /* set element at location i to i + 100 */

   }

   /* output each array element's value */

for (j = 0; j < 10; j++ ) {

printf("Element[%d] = %d\n", j, n[j] );

   }

return 0;

}

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