User Defined Function in C Tccicomputercoaching.com
What is User Defined Function?
A
User Defined Function is a block of code developed by user to perform specific
task.
Using user Defined Function we can divide a
complex problem into smaller modules. So we can decrease complexity and
lengthy.
C allows programmer to
define functions according to their need. These functions are known
as user-defined functions. For example:
Suppose, a program which includes addition,
subtraction, division and multiplication of two numbers in same program. You
can create user defined functions for each operation individually to solve this
problem:
For example,
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
Void add(int, int); // function prototype
Void sub (int, int); // function prototype
Void mul (int, int); // function prototype
Void div (int, int); // function prototype
void main ()
{
inta,b;
printf(“enter
the value of a and b);
scanf(“%d
%d”,&a,&b);
clrscr
();
add
(a,b);
sub
(a,b);
mul
(a,b);
div
(a,b);
}
Void add (int x,int y)
{
Int
c;
C=x+y;
printf(“%d”,c)
}
void sub ()
{
Int c;
C=x-y;
printf
(“sub=%d”,c)
}
Void mul ()
{
int
c;
C=x
*y;
printf
(“%d”, c)
}
Void div ()
{
int
c;
C=x/y;
Printf(“div=%d”,c)
}
User Defined Function has 3 sections:
Function Call
Function Definition
Function prototype:
Syntax of function prototype :
returnTypefunctionName(type1 argument1, type2
argument2,...);
A function prototype is simply the
declaration of a function that specifies function's name, parameters and return
type. It doesn't contain function body. Parameters names are optional.
Function Call:
Syntax of Function Call:
Function name (argument1, argument2);
We can use only value also. i. e. add (5, 6);
Compiler starts compilation from main () function,
so to jump control from main to user defined function, have to use function
call. When this function call executes, control jumps from main to that
particular user defined function.
Function Definition:
Syntax of Function Definition:
returnTypefunctionName(type1 argument1, type2
argument2,...)
{
Body
of function
}
When a function is called, the control of the
program is transferred to the function definition. And, the compiler starts
executing the codes inside the body of a function.
Passing arguments to a function:
In programming, argument refers to the
variable passed to the function. In the above example, two variables a and b are
passed during function call.
The
parameters x and y accepts the passed arguments in the
function definition. These arguments are called formal parameters of the
function.
The type of arguments passed to a function
and the formal parameters must match, otherwise the compiler throws error.
Return Statement :
The return statement terminates the execution
of a function and returns a value to the calling function. The program control
is transferred to the calling function after return statement.
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