Introduction to C Programming

What is C?

The C language is a high-level language developed by Dennis M. Ritchie. It was implemented in 1972, but the first publicly available description of C was developed and produced by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie in 1978.

Let us see some key points:

• Firstly, the B language was introduced. So, C is a successor of B.
• The popular UNIX was written in C.
• C Language has been used to develop operating systems, databases, editors, etc.
• C language code is generally written in a text file with the extension .c

Why Learn C?

The C Language is still preferred since it is simple and reliable to use. A lot of discussions and comparisons have been made about C, C++, and Java.

Let us learn why C should be learned before learning C++ and Java:

• Always start with the basics. Learn the basic programming concepts in C before switching to C++ and Java concepts like classes, objects, abstract classes, exception handling, inheritance, etc. Basics will make your learning simpler for other languages.
• In recent years, the concept of Java and C++ has definitely been boosted. But still, C is being used since the core C language elements are still required.
• Some operating systems, tools, and software are still written in C. The device drivers, which help in solving your software issues with hardware, are still written in C for interaction with hardware. It is still the first choice because the execution is fast and hassle-free.

C Features

Structured Language: C is a structured language since it can be easily split into multiple blocks of execution, which are known as functions. This makes the code easier to understand.

Execution Speed: The efficient and fast execution of C programs still makes it the number one choice of programmers. The compilation and execution of a C program are quite fast.

Built-in functions: C language built-in functions help in writing complex programs with ease.

Code Reusability: Code reusability eliminates the need to write the same code again and again and leads to fewer lines of code and faster execution. Recursion occurs when a function calls itself, reducing the need to write code again and again.

Extend: The C language extends itself and takes up new features.

C Application

The following are the real-life applications of C language:

• Many Python libraries for Data Science and Machine Learning are written in C, such as, NumPy.
• The Operating Systems, Windows and Mac, are written in C and C++.
• Linux, developed by Linus Torvalds, is written in C.
• Visual Studio Code, developed by Microsoft, is written in not only C# but also C.

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