What is an Array in C -Tccicomputercoaching.com

In programming Language there is variable used to store data. This variable is one type of memory location, where we store the data, but variable can store only one data at a time, So, if we want to store more than one data at a time, then we can use array.

Arrays a kind of data structure that can store a fixed-size sequential collection of elements of the same type. An array is used to store a collection of data, but it is often more useful to think of an array as a collection of variables of the same type.

To declare an array in C, a programmer specifies the type of the elements and the number of elements required by an array as follows −

typearrayName [ arraySize ];

This is called a single-dimensional array. The arraySize must be an integer constant greater than zero and type can be any valid C data type. For example, to declare a 10-element array called A of type float, use this statement −

Float A[3];

Here A is a variable array which is sufficient to hold up to 3float numbers.

How data store in Memory:

Array always stores data in memory position wise or as per index. Index start always from 0.

A[0]     A[1]     A[2]

Int student[5];

Here, we store int data type data in array named student. Data store for 5 student.

Initializing Arrays

We can assign values to the array, when declare array, It is called Initializing Arrays.

i.e. datatypearray[size]={ values….};

int student[5]={ 12,45,67,23,90};

int student[]={12,56,98};

We can keep blank also size of array in initialization, compiler can count its maximum size from initialization values.

Input Values for Array:

We have to use array in for loop because array has more than one values.

For (i=0; i<=n; i++)

{

            Scanf(“%d”, &student[i]);

}

Here, loop executes n times and input values n times, stores values into the given address.

Output Values for Array:

Same as input values as for output values;

For (i=0; i<=n; i++)

{

            printf(“%d”, student[i]);

}

Example of Array programme to enter data and display data.

#include <stdio.h>

int main () {

int n[ 10 ]; /* n is an array of 10 integers */

inti,j;

   /* initialize elements of array n to 0 */

for ( i = 0; i< 10; i++ ) {

n[ i ] = i + 100; /* set element at location i to i + 100 */

   }

   /* output each array element’s value */

for (j = 0; j < 10; j++ ) {

printf(“Element[%d] = %d\n”, j, n[j] );

   }

return 0;

}

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